參考文獻
1. Sekirov I, Russell SL, Antunes LC, et al: Gut microbiota in health and disease. Physiol Rev 2010; 90: 859–904.
2. Doré J, Corthier G: The human intestinal microbiota. Gastroentérol Clin Biol 2010: 34: S7–S15.
3. Lankaputhra WEV: Survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium ssp. in the presence of acid and bile salts. Cult Dairy Prod J 1995; 30: 2–7.
4. Shanahan F, Collins SM: Pharmabiotic manipulation of the microbiota in gastrointestinal disorders, from rationale to reality. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2010; 39: 721–26.
5. Ng SC, Hart AL, Kamm MA, et al: Mechanisms of action of probiotics: recent advances. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2009; 15:300–10.
6. Rousseaux C, Thuru X, Gelot A, et al: Lactobacillus acidophilus modulates intestinal pain and induces opioid and cannabinoid receptors. Nat Med 2007; 13: 35–7.
7. Kau AL, Ahern PP, Griffin NW, et al: Human nutrition, the gut microbiome and the immune system. Nature 2011; 474:327–36.
8. Hwang EN, Kang SM, Kim MJ, Lee JW: Screening of Immune-Active Lactic Acid Bacteria. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2015; 35(4): 541-50.
9. Macpherson AJ, Harris NL: Interactions between commensal intestinal bacteria and the immune system. Nat Rev Immunol 2004; 4: 478–485.
10. Madsen KL: Interactions between microbes and the gut epithelium. J Clin Gastroenterol 2011; 45(Suppl): S111–114.
11. Besselink MG, van Santvoort HC, Buskens E, et al: Probiotic prophylaxis in predicted severe acute pancreatitis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Lancet 2008; 371: 651–659.
12. Boyle RJ, Robins-Browne RM, Tang ML: Probiotic use in clinical practice: what are the risks? Am J Clin Nutr 2006; 83: 1256–1264.
13. Goran H, Nermin S, Karina V, et al: Probiotics for Standard Triple Helicobacter pylori Eradication A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94(17): e685.
14. Clarke G, Cryan JF, Dinan TG, ei al: Review article: probiotics for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome – focus on lactic acid bacteria. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2012; 35(4): 403-13.
15. Moraes-Filho JP, Quigley EM: The intestinal microbiota and the role of probiotics in irritable bowel syndrome: a review. Arq Gastroenterol 2015; 52(4):331-8.
16. Williams MD, Ha CY, Ciorba MA: Probiotics as therapy in gastroenterology: a study of physician opinions and recommendations. J Clin Gastroenterol 2010; 44:631–636.
17. Bajaj JS, Saeian K, Christensen KM, et al: Probiotic yogurt for the treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103: 1707–1715.
18. Hempel S, Newberry S. Ruelaz A, et al: Services USDoHaH. Safety of Probiotics to Reduce Risk and Prevent or Treat Disease. 2011.
19. Snydman DR: The safety of probiotics. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 46(Suppl 2): S104–111.
20.Shanahan F: Probiotics in perspective. Gastroenterology 2010; 139: 1808–1812.